| Outmigrants | Stayers | Inmigrants | Outmigrants | Stayers | Inmigrants | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observations | 267 | 8,875 | 231 | 268 | 8,550 | 248 |
| Housing Unit % | 90.9% | 96.6% | 82.5% | 92.7% | 96.7% | 90.3% |
| Age | ||||||
| Age under 5 | 5.0% | 7.9% | 4.4% | 4.8% | 7.5% | 4.8% |
| Age 5 to 17 | 12.1% | 16.5% | 14.9% | 10.2% | 17.1% | 15.3% |
| Age 18 to 24 | 21.7% | 8.7% | 28.8% | 24.8% | 9.1% | 28.1% |
| Age 25 to 64 | 51.1% | 48.9% | 49.1% | 46.6% | 48.4% | 46.1% |
| Age 65 plus | 10.2% | 18.0% | 2.8% | 13.7% | 17.9% | 5.7% |
| Average Age | 33.3 | 39.1 | 28.6 | 35.2 | 38.9 | 30.5 |
| Nativity | ||||||
| US Native | 96.7% | 96.5% | 87.8% | 94.5% | 97.2% | 94.6% |
| Noncitizen | 2.2% | 1.5% | 10.7% | 3.0% | 1.6% | 3.0% |
| Born in South Dakota | 21.5% | 64.4% | 21.6% | 24.2% | 63.2% | 29.1% |
| Economic | ||||||
| Unemployed | 5.4% | 1.7% | 3.9% | 3.3% | 1.4% | 2.1% |
| Not in Labor Force | 24.3% | 25.4% | 21.4% | 26.1% | 26.7% | 18.7% |
| Wage/Salary Income | $31,333 | $27,337 | $24,002 | $27,919 | $31,556 | $24,070 |
| Usual Weekly Hours | 37 | 40 | 37 | 40 | 39 | 36 |
| Weeks Worked/Year | 39 | 46 | 41 | 41 | 45 | 40 |
| Earnings | $32,832 | $30,846 | $25,174 | $31,284 | $35,329 | $28,264 |
| Income | $39,189 | $39,466 | $27,481 | $38,276 | $44,136 | $32,494 |
| Public Health Insurance | 25.1% | 31.7% | 15.7% | 24.8% | 32.1% | 17.8% |
| Disability | 9.2% | 13.0% | 9.5% | 19.6% | 13.6% | 8.2% |
| Education and Educational Attainment | ||||||
| Current Education | ||||||
| Currently in School | 31.3% | 24.0% | 37.5% | 29.7% | 24.6% | 37.8% |
| K-12 | 16.4% | 18.9% | 14.4% | 15.9% | 19.7% | 17.3% |
| Undergraduate | 12.7% | 4.2% | 20.3% | 10.9% | 4.0% | 18.3% |
| Grad School | 2.2% | 1.0% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 0.9% | 2.3% |
| Educational Attainment | ||||||
| Less than HS | 2.2% | 7.3% | 19.0% | 4.4% | 6.4% | 11.6% |
| HS Graduate | 51.5% | 63.1% | 38.4% | 53.5% | 62.7% | 48.3% |
| Bachelors | 19.5% | 21.0% | 24.9% | 29.1% | 20.8% | 21.2% |
| Masters | 10.9% | 6.1% | 10.0% | 8.2% | 7.1% | 8.8% |
| Doctorate/Professional | 10.8% | 2.5% | 7.8% | 4.8% | 3.1% | 10.1% |
| Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Marital Status | ||||||
| White | 88.3% | 87.2% | 77.1% | 85.1% | 86.7% | 79.8% |
| Black | 8.7% | 2.4% | 11.4% | 9.6% | 2.8% | 4.0% |
| Asian | 3.6% | 1.5% | 2.2% | 1.0% | 2.2% | 6.7% |
| Native American | 5.3% | 11.0% | 5.8% | 2.8% | 10.5% | 12.1% |
| Hispanic | 3.0% | 3.5% | 9.7% | 8.5% | 4.0% | 7.3% |
| Female | 51.2% | 49.2% | 46.4% | 48.5% | 48.9% | 56.4% |
| Married | 37.9% | 42.6% | 29.0% | 32.3% | 41.1% | 24.1% |
| Source: 2023 5-Year ACS & Authors Calculations | ||||||